Ruth Handler watched her daughter Barbara at play with paper dolls, and noticed that she often enjoyedgiving them adult roles. At the time, most children's toy गुड़िया were representations of infants. Realizing that there could be a gap in the market, Handler suggested the idea of an adult-bodied doll to her husband Elliot, a co-founder of the Mattel toy company. He was unenthusiastic about the idea, as were Mattel's directors.
During a trip to युरोप in 1956 with her children Barbara and Kenneth, Ruth Handler came across German toy doll called Bild Lilli.[1] The adult-figured doll was exactly what Handler had in mind, so she purchased three of them. She gave one to her daughter and took the others back to Mattel. The Lilli doll was based on a लोकप्रिय character appearing in a comic strip drawn द्वारा Reinhard Beuthin for the newspaper Die Bild-Zeitung. Lilli was a working girl who knew what she wanted and was not above using men to get it. The Lilli doll was first sold in Germany in 1955, and although it was initially sold to adults, it became लोकप्रिय with children who enjoyed dressing her up in outfits that were available separately.
Upon her return to the United States, Handler reworked the डिज़ाइन of the doll (with help from engineer Jack Ryan) and the doll was दिया a new name, Barbie, after Handler's daughter Barbara. The doll made its debut at the American International Toy Fair in New York on March 9, 1959. This तारीख, दिनांक is also used as Barbie's official birthday.
Mattel acquired the rights to the Bild Lilli doll in 1964 and production of Lilli was stopped. The first बार्बी doll wore a black and white ज़ेबरा striped स्विमिंग सूट and signature topknot ponytail, and was available as either a blonde या brunette. The doll was marketed as a "Teen-age Fashion Model," with her clothes created द्वारा Mattel fashion designer चालट, चार्लोट, शेर्लोट Johnson. The first बार्बी गुड़िया were manufactured in Japan, with their clothes hand-stitched द्वारा Japanese homeworkers. Around 350,000 बार्बी गुड़िया were sold during the first साल of production.
Ruth Handler believed that it was important for बार्बी to have an adult appearance, and early market research showed that some parents were unhappy about the doll's chest, which had distinct breasts. Barbie's appearance has been changed many times, most notably in 1971 when the doll's eyes were adjusted to look forwards rather than having the demure sideways glance of the original model.
बार्बी was one of the first toys to have a marketing strategy based extensively on टेलीविज़न advertising, which has been copied widely द्वारा other toys. It is estimated that over a billion बार्बी गुड़िया have been sold worldwide in over 150 countries, with Mattel claiming that three बार्बी गुड़िया are sold every second.[2]
The standard range of बार्बी गुड़िया and related accessories are manufactured to approximately 1/6th scale, which is also known as playscale.[3] बार्बी products include not only the range of गुड़िया with their clothes and accessories, but also a large range of बार्बी branded goods such as books, apparel, cosmetics and video games. बार्बी has appeared in a series of animated films and is a supporting character in Toy Story 2 and Toy Story 3.
बार्बी has become a cultural आइकन and has been दिया honors that are rare in the toy world. In 1974 a section of Times Square in New York City was renamed बार्बी Boulevard for a week. In 1985 the artist Andy Warhol created a painting of Barbie.[4][5]
In 2009, बार्बी celebrated her 50th birthday. The celebrations included a मार्ग, रनवे दिखाना in New York for the Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week.[6] The event showcased fashions contributed द्वारा fifty well-known haute couturiers including Diane von Fürstenberg, Vera Wang, Calvin Klein, Bob Mackie, and Christian Louboutin.[7][8]
During a trip to युरोप in 1956 with her children Barbara and Kenneth, Ruth Handler came across German toy doll called Bild Lilli.[1] The adult-figured doll was exactly what Handler had in mind, so she purchased three of them. She gave one to her daughter and took the others back to Mattel. The Lilli doll was based on a लोकप्रिय character appearing in a comic strip drawn द्वारा Reinhard Beuthin for the newspaper Die Bild-Zeitung. Lilli was a working girl who knew what she wanted and was not above using men to get it. The Lilli doll was first sold in Germany in 1955, and although it was initially sold to adults, it became लोकप्रिय with children who enjoyed dressing her up in outfits that were available separately.
Upon her return to the United States, Handler reworked the डिज़ाइन of the doll (with help from engineer Jack Ryan) and the doll was दिया a new name, Barbie, after Handler's daughter Barbara. The doll made its debut at the American International Toy Fair in New York on March 9, 1959. This तारीख, दिनांक is also used as Barbie's official birthday.
Mattel acquired the rights to the Bild Lilli doll in 1964 and production of Lilli was stopped. The first बार्बी doll wore a black and white ज़ेबरा striped स्विमिंग सूट and signature topknot ponytail, and was available as either a blonde या brunette. The doll was marketed as a "Teen-age Fashion Model," with her clothes created द्वारा Mattel fashion designer चालट, चार्लोट, शेर्लोट Johnson. The first बार्बी गुड़िया were manufactured in Japan, with their clothes hand-stitched द्वारा Japanese homeworkers. Around 350,000 बार्बी गुड़िया were sold during the first साल of production.
Ruth Handler believed that it was important for बार्बी to have an adult appearance, and early market research showed that some parents were unhappy about the doll's chest, which had distinct breasts. Barbie's appearance has been changed many times, most notably in 1971 when the doll's eyes were adjusted to look forwards rather than having the demure sideways glance of the original model.
बार्बी was one of the first toys to have a marketing strategy based extensively on टेलीविज़न advertising, which has been copied widely द्वारा other toys. It is estimated that over a billion बार्बी गुड़िया have been sold worldwide in over 150 countries, with Mattel claiming that three बार्बी गुड़िया are sold every second.[2]
The standard range of बार्बी गुड़िया and related accessories are manufactured to approximately 1/6th scale, which is also known as playscale.[3] बार्बी products include not only the range of गुड़िया with their clothes and accessories, but also a large range of बार्बी branded goods such as books, apparel, cosmetics and video games. बार्बी has appeared in a series of animated films and is a supporting character in Toy Story 2 and Toy Story 3.
बार्बी has become a cultural आइकन and has been दिया honors that are rare in the toy world. In 1974 a section of Times Square in New York City was renamed बार्बी Boulevard for a week. In 1985 the artist Andy Warhol created a painting of Barbie.[4][5]
In 2009, बार्बी celebrated her 50th birthday. The celebrations included a मार्ग, रनवे दिखाना in New York for the Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week.[6] The event showcased fashions contributed द्वारा fifty well-known haute couturiers including Diane von Fürstenberg, Vera Wang, Calvin Klein, Bob Mackie, and Christian Louboutin.[7][8]